The Subaru Impreza WRX STi from 1998 to 2000, known as the "GC8" model among enthusiasts, is revered for its powerful performance, rally heritage, and all-wheel-drive prowess. These models offer a raw driving experience that is challenging to find in modern vehicles, making them a sought-after choice among car enthusiasts. However, due to their age and high-performance design, these models come with a range of potential problems. In this article, we’ll explore the most common issues that owners face, as well as key buying tips and insights into ownership costs to help you make an informed decision.
Overview of the Subaru Impreza WRX STi (1998-2000)
- Model Years: 1998–2000 (GC8 series)
- Engine: EJ20 2.0L turbocharged flat-four boxer engine
- Drivetrain: Symmetrical AWD
- Transmission: 5-speed manual
- Market Appeal: High-performance rally-inspired sports car with a cult following
Common Problems with the Subaru Impreza WRX STi (1998-2000)
1. Turbocharger Wear and Failures
The heart of the WRX STi's performance is its turbocharged EJ20 engine. However, due to high boost levels and aggressive driving, turbocharger wear is a known issue for these models. Age exacerbates this problem, and turbo failures can lead to loss of power, reduced fuel efficiency, and in severe cases, engine damage if metal debris enters the system.
- Symptoms: Noticeable power loss, blue smoke from the exhaust, excessive oil consumption, or a high-pitched whining sound.
- Repair Cost: Replacing or rebuilding the turbocharger typically costs between $1,000 and $2,000, depending on whether a new OEM or performance aftermarket unit is chosen.
2. Head Gasket Failure
Like many Subaru models, the WRX STi from this era is prone to head gasket failures. The combination of a high-compression turbo engine and older gasket materials often leads to gasket wear. Over time, this can allow coolant and oil to mix, leading to potential engine overheating and severe damage if not addressed.
- Symptoms: Overheating, white smoke from the exhaust, coolant loss, and oil contamination (milky substance on the oil cap).
- Repair Cost: Head gasket replacement is a labor-intensive repair, often costing between $1,500 and $2,500, depending on the condition of the engine and the extent of the damage.
3. Transmission and Gearbox Issues
The 5-speed manual transmission on the WRX STi is generally robust but can suffer from wear, especially in models driven aggressively or modified for higher power output. Common issues include gear grinding, syncro wear, and in some cases, complete transmission failure. The transmission’s sensitivity to poor shifting habits makes it essential to test drive and carefully assess this component.
- Symptoms: Grinding during gear shifts, difficulty in engaging gears, or popping out of gear under acceleration.
- Repair Cost: A transmission rebuild or replacement can cost between $2,500 and $4,000, with costs varying based on whether OEM or aftermarket parts are used.
4. Rust and Corrosion on the Chassis and Body Panels
Due to the WRX STi’s rally pedigree, many of these cars have been driven in varied and often harsh conditions, leading to rust and corrosion. Common rust-prone areas include the rear quarter panels, wheel arches, and underbody components. In regions with salted winter roads, rust issues are even more severe, potentially compromising the vehicle’s structural integrity.
- Symptoms: Visible rust on the wheel wells, undercarriage, or around the doors, as well as bubbling paint.
- Repair Cost: Rust repair costs vary widely based on the extent of damage, ranging from $500 for small patches to over $2,000 for larger rust removal and re-painting jobs.
5. Suspension Wear and Bushings
Many WRX STi models from this period have suspension components that are now past their prime. Original bushings, struts, and sway bar links can become worn out, affecting handling, comfort, and performance. These issues are common in older vehicles and are exacerbated in performance-oriented cars like the WRX STi, especially if driven hard.
- Symptoms: Squeaking or clunking noises when going over bumps, excessive body roll, and reduced handling precision.
- Repair Cost: Replacing bushings and worn suspension components can range from $500 to $1,500, depending on the scope of repairs and whether aftermarket performance parts are used.
6. Oil Leaks and Seals
Oil leaks are common on older WRX STi models, particularly from seals and gaskets that wear over time. Camshaft seals, valve cover gaskets, and oil pan gaskets are frequent culprits, especially in high-mileage models. Oil leaks can lead to low oil levels, which if not addressed, may cause engine damage.
- Symptoms: Oil stains under the car, burning oil smell, and low oil levels.
- Repair Cost: Fixing oil leaks can cost between $200 and $800, depending on the location of the leak and labor involved.
7. Cooling System Issues
Cooling system problems, including failing radiators, clogged radiators, and worn-out hoses, are common in older WRX STis. If the cooling system isn’t functioning correctly, it can lead to overheating and exacerbate issues with the head gasket. Regular inspection of the cooling system is recommended to avoid larger repair costs.
- Symptoms: Engine overheating, coolant leaks, and white smoke from the exhaust.
- Repair Cost: Replacing a radiator and hoses can cost between $500 and $1,000, depending on parts used.
Buying Tips: What to Look for When Buying a Subaru Impreza WRX STi (1998-2000)
If you’re considering buying a Subaru Impreza WRX STi from the late 90s to 2000, here are some tips to ensure you find a model that’s been well-maintained and has minimal issues:
- Check for Engine and Turbo Health: Since turbo and head gasket issues are common, inspect for any signs of oil or coolant leaks, blue smoke from the exhaust, and listen for any turbo whine.
- Inspect the Transmission: Test drive the car to check for smooth shifting. If there’s grinding or popping out of gear, it could signal worn syncros or other transmission problems.
- Look for Rust: Pay particular attention to the undercarriage, wheel wells, and rear quarter panels. Rust can be costly to repair, especially if it’s extensive.
- Review Maintenance Records: Ask for records of regular oil changes, turbo maintenance, timing belt replacement, and cooling system checks. Regular maintenance can indicate a well-cared-for car.
- Beware of Modifications: Heavily modified models might have been driven harder, potentially accelerating wear on the engine and transmission. Stock models are generally preferred unless you’re looking for specific performance modifications.
Ownership Costs: Is It Expensive to Own a 1998-2000 Subaru Impreza WRX STi?
The WRX STi from 1998-2000 can be a costly car to own and maintain due to its performance-oriented design and age. Here’s an overview of typical ownership costs:
- Fuel Economy: The turbocharged engine offers moderate fuel efficiency, averaging around 18-24 mpg, which can be costly for daily driving.
- Insurance Costs: The WRX STi is known for its high-performance nature, which can lead to higher insurance premiums, particularly for younger drivers.
- Maintenance and Repair Costs: Annual maintenance for an older WRX STi can range from $800 to $2,000, depending on the car’s condition and the need for part replacements. Major repairs, such as a turbo or head gasket replacement, will increase this estimate.
Final Thoughts
The Subaru Impreza WRX STi from 1998 to 2000 is a thrilling, rally-inspired sports car that has become a modern classic. However, prospective buyers should be prepared for potential issues with the turbo, head gaskets, and transmission due to the car’s high-performance nature and age. With proper maintenance and careful selection, a well-cared-for WRX STi can offer a rewarding ownership experience, but understanding the associated costs and challenges is essential for making an informed decision.